What to ask before signing a construction contract

A low quote is rarely cheap. These questions surface, before signing, what would otherwise surface mid-project.

What is excluded? The exclusions list says more about a quote than the works list. If there is no exclusions list, ask for one in writing.

Who is the site manager and how often are they there? A concrete name and frequency.

How are variations handled? There should be a written procedure, with unit prices agreed upfront.

What is the payment schedule and what does each instalment correspond to? Payments tied to verifiable milestones, never to calendar dates.

What warranties remain and for how long? The law sets minimums; a good contractor usually offers more.

Is there valid public liability insurance? Ask for the policy, not the assurance.

What is the penalty for delay? Without one, the deadline is an intention rather than a commitment.

None of these questions is aggressive. A contractor who bristles at them is giving you the most useful information of all.